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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Plastic recycling is the process of getting back a scrap of plastic wastes and transforming it into a more useful use. Once plastics have been used for the purpose intended for in many instances it is discarded to the general public. Due to its properties, it does not break down as intended which causes harm to the environment. The idea of plastic recycling was born to help keep the environment clean and hence remove the plastic waste products from harming the environment. The process of recycling breaks down the components used to make plastic then it is sent back to the company to be processed again to come up with new plastic materials which can be used for different purposes. The process has helped safeguard our environment and also pollution. Plastic has been known to cause pollution in our environment. Environmental pollution happens when agents which are foreign are introduced to the environment knowingly or unknowingly it results in the environment being contaminated. As a result of the pollution of an environment, the organisms which make up the natural habitat which was polluted dies off.
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2. Thesis Statement
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3. Stages in Plastic Recycling
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2. Thesis Statement
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3. Stages in Plastic Recycling
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8. Conclusion.
In conclusion, recycling plastic is very vital in the fight for reducing pollution levels in the world. This fight is a must win because all the life on the planet require the good environment to ensure they breed and continue living. The governments should come up with strict rules, laws, and regulation to handle these elusive but yet important issue. The world can not afford to lose the war against the recycling of plastic waste. The laws should be tough on people or companies who violate them. High fines and huge prison sentences should be on the table for such people because their actions can result in widespread suffering for the life on our precious planet. I can equate it to a threat against humanity because we all depend on the environment to live.
Some countries have come up with good policies which are working to safeguard their environments against plastic waste such as Germany who have a policy in place which pays people who collect plastic waste and deposit on some machine which operates like an ATM money machine. The individuals deposit the plastic waste such as water bottles and they are paid on spot. Such policies should be implemented so that users of the plastic can return the plastic waste to the companies who made them after using them for the uses it was intended.
In conclusion, recycling plastic is very vital in the fight for reducing pollution levels in the world. This fight is a must win because all the life on the planet require the good environment to ensure they breed and continue living. The governments should come up with strict rules, laws, and regulation to handle these elusive but yet important issue. The world can not afford to lose the war against the recycling of plastic waste. The laws should be tough on people or companies who violate them. High fines and huge prison sentences should be on the table for such people because their actions can result in widespread suffering for the life on our precious planet. I can equate it to a threat against humanity because we all depend on the environment to live.
Some countries have come up with good policies which are working to safeguard their environments against plastic waste such as Germany who have a policy in place which pays people who collect plastic waste and deposit on some machine which operates like an ATM money machine. The individuals deposit the plastic waste such as water bottles and they are paid on spot. Such policies should be implemented so that users of the plastic can return the plastic waste to the companies who made them after using them for the uses it was intended.
9. Citation.
1. Waste Minimisation in Construction Training Pack, 2nd edition, Construction Industry Research and Information Association, London, 2001.
2. Waste Matters: A Management Handbook on Good Practice in Waste Management, Audit Commission for Local Authorities and the National Health Service in England and Wales, London, 1997.
3. Plastics in the Environment, Environment Agency, Bristol, 2001.
4. D. J. Walton, J. P. Lorimer, Polymers, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000.
5. A. Azapagic, A. Emsley, I. Hamerton, Polymers, The Environment and Sustainable Development, Wiley, Chichester, 2003.
6. J. W. Nicholson, The Chemistry of Polymers, 2nd edition, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1997.
7. J. Vogler, Work from Waste, Intermediate Technology, London, 1981.
8. J. A. Brydson, Plastics Materials, 6th edition, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 1995.
9. M. P. Stevens, Polymer Chemistry: An Introduction, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999.
10. ACRR 2004Good practices guide on waste plastics recycling Brussels, Belgium: Association of Cities and Regions for Recycling
11. Aguado J., Serrano D. P., San Miguel G. 2007European trends in the feedstock recycling of plastic wastes. Global NEST J. 9, 12–19
12. Andrady A. 1994Assessment of environmental biodegradation of synthetic polymers. Polym. Rev. 34, 25–76 (doi:10.1080/15321799408009632)
13. Andrady A. 2003An environmental primer. In Plastics and the environment (ed. Andrady A., editor. ), pp. 3–76 Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Interscience
14. Andrady A. L., Neal M. A. 2009Applications and societal benefits of plastics. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364, 1977–1984 (doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0304) [PMC free article] [PubMed]
15. APME 2004An analysis of plastics consumption and recovery in Europe Brussels, Belgium: Association of Plastic Manufacturers Europe
16. Arena U., Mastellone M., Perugini F. 2003Life cycle assessment of a plastic packaging recycling system. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 8, 92–98 (doi:10.1007/BF02978432)
17. Arvanitoyannis I., Bosnia L. 2001Recycling of polymeric materials used for food packaging: current status and perspectives. Food Rev. Int. 17, 291–346 (doi:10.1081/FRI-100104703)
18. ASTM Standard D5033 2000 Standard guide to the development of ASTM standards relating to recycling and use of recycled plastics West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International; (doi:10.1520/D5033-00)
19. British Plastics Federation. Oil consumption. 2008. See http://www.bpf.co.uk/Oil_Consumption.aspx. (20 October 2008)
20. Barnes D. K. A., Galgani F., Thompson R. C., Barlaz M. 2009Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364, 1985–1998 (doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0205) [PMC free article] [PubMed]
21. Chanda M., Roy S. 2007Plastics technology handbook 4th in Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
22. DEFRA 2007Waste strategy factsheets. See http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste/strategy/factsheets/landfilltax.htm (26 November 2008)
23. Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) 2005Benefits of recycling Australia: Parramatta
24. Department of Environment and Heritage (Australia) 2008Plastic bags. See http://www.ephc.gov.au/ephc/plastic_bags.html (26 November 2008)
25. Department of Environment Heritage and Local Government (Ireland) 2007 Plastic bags. See http://www.environ.ie/en/Environment/Waste/PlasticBags (26 November 2008)
26. Drelich J., Payne J., Kim T., Miller J. 1998Selective froth floatation of PVC from PVC/PET mixtures for the plastics recycling industry. Polym. Eng. Sci. 38, 1378 (doi:10.1002/pen.10308)
27. EEA 2008Better management of municipal waste will reduce greenhouse gas emissions Copenhagen,
1. Waste Minimisation in Construction Training Pack, 2nd edition, Construction Industry Research and Information Association, London, 2001.
2. Waste Matters: A Management Handbook on Good Practice in Waste Management, Audit Commission for Local Authorities and the National Health Service in England and Wales, London, 1997.
3. Plastics in the Environment, Environment Agency, Bristol, 2001.
4. D. J. Walton, J. P. Lorimer, Polymers, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000.
5. A. Azapagic, A. Emsley, I. Hamerton, Polymers, The Environment and Sustainable Development, Wiley, Chichester, 2003.
6. J. W. Nicholson, The Chemistry of Polymers, 2nd edition, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1997.
7. J. Vogler, Work from Waste, Intermediate Technology, London, 1981.
8. J. A. Brydson, Plastics Materials, 6th edition, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 1995.
9. M. P. Stevens, Polymer Chemistry: An Introduction, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999.
10. ACRR 2004Good practices guide on waste plastics recycling Brussels, Belgium: Association of Cities and Regions for Recycling
11. Aguado J., Serrano D. P., San Miguel G. 2007European trends in the feedstock recycling of plastic wastes. Global NEST J. 9, 12–19
12. Andrady A. 1994Assessment of environmental biodegradation of synthetic polymers. Polym. Rev. 34, 25–76 (doi:10.1080/15321799408009632)
13. Andrady A. 2003An environmental primer. In Plastics and the environment (ed. Andrady A., editor. ), pp. 3–76 Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Interscience
14. Andrady A. L., Neal M. A. 2009Applications and societal benefits of plastics. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364, 1977–1984 (doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0304) [PMC free article] [PubMed]
15. APME 2004An analysis of plastics consumption and recovery in Europe Brussels, Belgium: Association of Plastic Manufacturers Europe
16. Arena U., Mastellone M., Perugini F. 2003Life cycle assessment of a plastic packaging recycling system. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 8, 92–98 (doi:10.1007/BF02978432)
17. Arvanitoyannis I., Bosnia L. 2001Recycling of polymeric materials used for food packaging: current status and perspectives. Food Rev. Int. 17, 291–346 (doi:10.1081/FRI-100104703)
18. ASTM Standard D5033 2000 Standard guide to the development of ASTM standards relating to recycling and use of recycled plastics West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International; (doi:10.1520/D5033-00)
19. British Plastics Federation. Oil consumption. 2008. See http://www.bpf.co.uk/Oil_Consumption.aspx. (20 October 2008)
20. Barnes D. K. A., Galgani F., Thompson R. C., Barlaz M. 2009Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364, 1985–1998 (doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0205) [PMC free article] [PubMed]
21. Chanda M., Roy S. 2007Plastics technology handbook 4th in Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
22. DEFRA 2007Waste strategy factsheets. See http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste/strategy/factsheets/landfilltax.htm (26 November 2008)
23. Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) 2005Benefits of recycling Australia: Parramatta
24. Department of Environment and Heritage (Australia) 2008Plastic bags. See http://www.ephc.gov.au/ephc/plastic_bags.html (26 November 2008)
25. Department of Environment Heritage and Local Government (Ireland) 2007 Plastic bags. See http://www.environ.ie/en/Environment/Waste/PlasticBags (26 November 2008)
26. Drelich J., Payne J., Kim T., Miller J. 1998Selective froth floatation of PVC from PVC/PET mixtures for the plastics recycling industry. Polym. Eng. Sci. 38, 1378 (doi:10.1002/pen.10308)
27. EEA 2008Better management of municipal waste will reduce greenhouse gas emissions Copenhagen,
Denmark: European Environment Agency
28. Fisher M. 2003Plastics recycling. In Plastics and the environment (ed. Andrady A., editor. ), pp. 563–627 Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Interscience
29. Fletcher B., Mackay M. 1996A model of plastics recycling: does recycling reduce the amount of waste? Resour. Conserv. Recycling 17, 141–151 (doi:10.1016/0921-3449(96)01068-3)
30. Frosch R., Gallopoulos N. 1989Strategies for manufacturing. Sci. Am. 261, 144–152
28. Fisher M. 2003Plastics recycling. In Plastics and the environment (ed. Andrady A., editor. ), pp. 563–627 Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Interscience
29. Fletcher B., Mackay M. 1996A model of plastics recycling: does recycling reduce the amount of waste? Resour. Conserv. Recycling 17, 141–151 (doi:10.1016/0921-3449(96)01068-3)
30. Frosch R., Gallopoulos N. 1989Strategies for manufacturing. Sci. Am. 261, 144–152
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